Page 29 - Passages 3rd Edition (demo)

GRAMMAR
Defining and non-defining relative clauses

A defining relative clause defines or gives essential information about a noun.
The Myeong-dong area has dozens of shops that sell the latest fashions.
The spring and fall are the seasons when most people come to visit.
A non-defining relative clause gives optional information about a noun and cannot begin
with the pronoun that. Notice the use of commas.
Most restaurants here stay open until midnight, when many locals are still enjoying dinner.
Beijing has many popular tourist attractions, which include the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City.
GRAMMAR PLUS see page 110

A Look at the Starting Point on page 18 again. Can you find more relative clauses?

B Underline the relative clauses in the sentences and add commas where
necessary. Write D for a defining and ND for a non-defining relative clause.

ND 1. Bangkok, which is the capital of Thailand, has many
excellent restaurants and markets. ·
2. Over one million people come to Pamplona in July when
the festival of San Fermin takes place in this Spanish city.
3. Aden is an ancient port city that is located in southern Yemen.
4. Bogota which is situated on a high plateau in central
Colombia has frequently changing weather.
5. Montreal is a sophisticated city where some of the best
cuisine in Canada is found.
6. Sao Paulo which is the biggest city in Brazil is one of the
world's most populated cities.

C Join the sentences using non-defining relative clauses. Then compare answers.
1. Gaudf designed Barcelona's Park Guell. You can see fabulous sculptures there.
2. Seoul's name comes from the ancient word seorabeo/. Seorabeo/ means "capital."
3. The center of Beijing is Tiananmen Square. It is the world's largest public square.
4. A great time to visit Seoul is in the fall. This is when Koreans celebrate the
Chuseok festival.
5. Fast-food restaurants are already fairly common in China. They are increasing
in number each year.
6. Australia's first European settlers came to Sydney in the late 1700s. They were
originally from Great Britain.

N
~~S_P_E_A_K__G~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
l
A
~ great place to visit
A Which of the cities on page 18 would you like to visit? Write three sentences
explaining your reasons. Use relative clauses where appropriate.
Barcelona is a city that /' d like to visit because ...

B Pair work Tell your partner which city you'd like to visit and why.

A!i~i•la·Y Popular destinations 19